Pouvoir et personnalité du souverain chez thomas hobbes, une analyse du Léviathan

Abstract

Thoma Hobbes is considered of the founders of political philosophy and a theorist of power. He is also one of the best initiators of modern political philosophy. Contractualist of this state, he reflects on the state, intended to put an end to the natural war of all against all and to preserve the security of the citizens. In Leviathan, he bases his political science on solid foundations of authority in the individual and in particular on materialist bases. The behavior or the attitude of the man is understood according to his instincts which wants to be such a game of being able, of the personality and the impulses. For Hobbes, since his philosophy is of materialist inspiration, a thing which cogitates, thinks, is according to him, something corporeal. And this mechanistic materialism leads to accounting for the behavior of the individual in a deterministic mode, because all human actions proceed from irresistible instincts. Our research work focuses on the power and personality of the sovereign in Thomas Hobbes. An analysis of Leviathan. This work is part of the vast movement of political and moral philosophy. It comprises 166 pages; divided into three parts. More precisely, we are interested in a fundamental difficulty which has furnished the analytical base of the sovereign’s authority in society. However, we asked ourselves several questions that gave direction to our work. It is about asking the questions, what is power? What is personality? What founds personality and power in the sovereign? What relationship exists between power and personality? To overcome this concern, we use the analytical-critical approach to account for the foundation of power in philosophy, which moreover constitutes the first part of our work. Then the personality of the author to take an interest in the sovereign mission of the sovereign in Leviathan. And finally, we arrived at the third part in which we had examined the figures of authority and personality in the exercise of power in the 21 century.