Effets de l’extrait aqueux des feuilles d’Acmella caulirhiza sur quelques marqueurs du système inflammatoire chez un modèle animal nutritionnel de la stéatose hépatique non- alcoolique (NAFLD)

Abstract

Poor diet leads to the onset of metabolic diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD affects nearly 25% of the world population and is characterized by excessive at accumulation reaching 5% of the total liver weight. Its impact should be considered because the latter is associated with a risk of cardiovascular diseases. Acmella caulirhiza is a medicinal plant used for its therapeutic effects on certaine pathologie. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Acmella caulirhiza leaves (EAF- Ac) on an animal nutritional model of NAFLD. In order to determine this effect, the in vivo study was carried out with 30 Wistar strain rats, divided into two groups based on body weight by randomization; a group of 5 negative control rats (NC) fed a normal diet, another group of 25 rats fed a high fat diet for 08 weeks, this group was subdivided into 05 batchs of 5 rats: a positive control batch (PC) receiving distilled water, four other batchs receiving respectively 150 mg / kg BW of EAF-AC, 300mg / kg BW of EAF-AC, 10mg / kg BW of atorvastatin and 200mg / kg BW of curcumin powder extract for 28 days by gavage using a probe. The control parameters were weight and blood sugar. At the end of the treatment, the rats were fasted for 12 hours, anesthetized with ether and then sacrificed. Blood and liver were collected for biochemical analyses (markers of lipid metabolism, liver damage, oxidative stress and inflammation), blood count and histological sections. The results obtained revealed that the high fat diet caused metabolic disorders in rats. The administration of EAF-AC decreased the accumulation of hepatic triglycerides, the level of LDL-c, the activity of transaminases and increased the level of HDL-c. EAF-AC had an antioxidant effect by increasing the activity of catalase while decreasing the level of MDA. EAF-AC also decreased the level of IL-1β, TNF- α and did not cause any leukocyte infiltration. In conclusion, EAF-AC through its activities, has the ability to favorably modulate some metabolic parameters included in NAFLD.