Foncier et développement à Sangmélima (région du sud Cameroun)

Abstract

The development of a space is a major desire for all stakeholders in development. Despite the texts and laws, conferences and summits on the scale international and national relating to land, the commune of Sangmélima knows several land-related problems. This hamper local, even sustainable, development. This dissertation entitled: "Land and development in Sangmélima (southern region of Cameroon)" provides an answer to the main research question which is to know: to what extent does land influence the development of Sangmélima? The main objective is to show and analyze the capital importance of land for economic growth and the well-being of the people of Sangmélima. This results in several hypotheses, the main of which states that: the problems land constitute an obstacle to the development of Sangmélima. The verification of these hypotheses invited us to collect qualitative and quantitative data, which we processed, analyzed in the form of maps, diagrams and tables. The results obtained indicate that the recurrence of land problems mainly derives from passage of settlers in this locality; non-compliance or ignorance of the texts Cameroonian land; and contradictory land stakeholder logics. The situation current situation shows that the contribution of land to annual individual income is greater than 50% for 68% of respondents. However, land insecurity is a reality in this locality, the populations complain: of the extreme cost of the land title, of the procedure. very long, which is why 86.26% do not have one; land grabbing by legal entities (churches or private companies) and the State. Also, women, young people and disabled people say they have limited access to land. So, these elements give rise to conflicts that obstruct local development. These problems lead to consequences on the socio economic and environment in Sangmélima. However, so that land can play its role in as an essential element for sustainable development, it is necessary for the authorities states: popularize information, with the aim of raising awareness among populations about the importance of land title; review not only the spatial distribution of infrastructure, compensation; but also the prerogatives granted to the actors moral; develop a municipal land charter, consistent with that of MINDCAF. For local populations: coming together in associations (GIC or GEC) will be a strength, and will allow them to collectively title their land; avoid duplicates and anarchic sales land can limit disputes. To name but a few.