Etude comparée de deux variétés d’Abelmoschus esculentus (Gombo) sur la prise en charge du syndrome métabolique chez les rats de souche wistar.

Abstract

The management of metabolic syndrome (MS) remains a challenge for clinicians. This study aimed to compare the effect of two varieties of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) on the prevention of metabolic syndrome in rats fed with fat-enriched diet (FED). Two varieties of okra (long okra and short okra) were dried at 45°C and crushed. The resulting powders were used to supplement 10% of FED in the test groups. In addition, thirty (30) male Wistar rats weighing between 140 and 160 g were acclimatized and used for the study. The 30 rats were randomized into six (6) groups: group 1: negative control (taking the normal diet), group 2: positive control (taking the fat-enriched diet), group 3: test 1 (taking the fat-enriched diet supplemented at 10% with long okra powder), group 4: test 2 (taking the fat-enriched diet supplemented at 10% with short okra powder), group 5: reference 1 (taking the fat-enriched diet supplemented at 10% treated with atorvastatin at 5mg/kg body weight) and group 6: reference 2 (taking the 10% fat-enriched diet treated with metformin at 5mg/kg body weight). Blood glucose levels were measured at the beginning and within 30 days while the rats' weights were measured at the beginning and within 3 days. After 90 days of experimentation, biochemical parameters including oxidative stress markers, lipid profile markers and hepatic transaminases were measured. LDL cholesterol was calculated. At the end of the experiment, rats in group 2 presented all the characteristics of metabolic syndrome. Short okra led to a better slowing of weight gain (67.96%) compared to long okra (69.86%), the latter also led to a significant reduction in blood glucose (-6.29%) compared to long okra (-1.65%); In addition, short okra showed better antioxidant capacities, it also led to a more significant decrease in triglyceride levels (127.85 ± 2.09 mg/dL) compared to (134.11 ± 1.49 mg/dL) for long okra. However, long okra resulted in a more significant increase in HDL cholesterol levels (72.82 ± 3.64 mg/dL) compared to (65.76 ± 3.41 mg/dL) for short okra; ASAT activity was significantly reduced in the short okra supplemented group compared to that in the long okra supplemented group. Therefore, short okra was more effective and may be more useful in the management of MS.