Effet de L’extrait acqueux des feuilles de paullinia pinnata lin (sapindaceae) de la néphrotoxicité induite par la gentamicine

Abstract

The liver and the kidneys are the target bodies of many toxic molecules.¶ The hépatocytes, epithelial cells of the tubule proximal and the renal clusters particularly vulnerable with respect to xenobiotic are used like drugs or not. These aggressions can be correlated with an increase in certain parameters biochemical and those of the oxydative stress inducing cellular death.The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of the sheets of paullina pinnata on a nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in the rats white of Wistar stock. The nephrotoxicity was induced in the normal rats by injection intrapéritonéale of gentamicin. At the end of this experimental period, the animals were sacrificed; the serum and the homogenates of bodies (liver, kidney) were used for the analysis of various biochemical parameters and those of the histological analysis of the livers and the kidneys. In preventive treatment beforehand, certain animals received it to it gentamicin with the amount of 100 mg/kg and others concomitantly received gentamicin with the amount 100 mg/kg with the aqueous extract of the sheets of P. pinnata to the amounts of 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg or with the aspirin with the amount of 100 mg/kg during 10 days. In curative treatment, the nephrotoxicity was induced with the animals by administration of gentamicin during ten days also these animals received various substances like above-mentioned and this, during 22 days.At the end of these experimental periods, the administration of gentamicin caused on the biochemical level, a significant increase (P 0,001) in the serum rate of the ALAT (82,98%, 40,00%), ASAT (109,87%, 10,63%), STAKE (420%, 118,30%) and albumin (96,42%, 178,64%) Creatinin (1330,18%, 124%), uric Acide (197,37%, 35,37%), Urée (1250%, 112,21%) and Potassium (84,40%, 132,53%) in preventive treatment and curative treatment respectively in comparison with the normal witness. The administration of the aqueous extract of the sheets of P. pinnata in preventive and curative treatment brought back to a significant degree, the rate of these parameters of the function hepatic and renal to the normal values. In the liver and the kidneys of the rats treated with gentamicin, the tissue rates of SOD, catalase and GSH decreased to a significant degree and the rate of MDA and NO increased significantly.On the other hand, the administration of the aqueous extract P. pinnata significantly attenuated with various amounts, the phenomena of oxidation related to gentamicin (reduction of the tissue contents of MDA and NO) and to increase the tissue rate of SOD GSH and CATALASE, by allowing the restoration of the antioxydant systems, thus protecting, or partially, the rats of toxicity induced by gentamicin. This extract had a significant potential in the assumption of responsibility of a hepatotoxicity and a nephrotoxicity.