Éducation relative à l’environnement et transition du bois de chauffe vers des sources d’énergie de chauffe durables en contexte rural Camerounais : cas de la réserve de faune de Santchou

Abstract

In the face of contemporary challenges related to climate change, ecosystem degradation, and biodiversity loss, environmental education (EE) emerges as a fundamental driver of sustainable development. In rural areas, where populations rely heavily on natural resources for their livelihoods, its role becomes crucial in balancing energy needs with ecosystem conservation through the conscious engagement of individuals in adopting proenvironmental attitudes. It is within this framework that the present research, titled “Environmental Education and the Transition from Wood Energy to Sustainable Heating Energy Sources in a Rural Cameroonian Context: The Case of the Santchou Wildlife Reserve,” is situated. Accordingly, the objective of this thesis is to analyze the role of environmental education in supporting rural populations in the transition from wood energy to renewable heating energy sources. It employs a simultaneous mixed-methods approach combining a quantitative survey of 400 households with a qualitative survey of stakeholders involved in wildlife conservation at Santchou. The results reveal a heavy reliance on wood fuel, driven primarily by economic constraints, accessibility, and sociocultural habits. However, they also highlight the potential of ERE as a strategic lever to promote the adoption of clean energy and reduce pressure on protected areas. Ultimately, this research underscores the need for an integrated approach combining public policies, accessible energy solutions, and tailored educational programs to promote sustainable development in rural Cameroon.