Expérience subjective de la stigmatisation dans le contexte d’une maladie somatique grave : une étude de cas auprès du jeune adulte drépanocytaire camerounais

Abstract

The present Study deals with the subjective experience of stigma in the context of a serious somatic disease in young adult drepanocyte Cameroonian. This Stigmatization in our modern societies remains a sharp problem insofar as the drepanocyte in general and the young adult drepanocyte in particular considers it as a very heavy burden to carry the weakening. It is therefore in this respect that the present study poses the problem of stigma issues in the structuring of the experience of the young adult drepanocyte. The study is set for objective of understanding the subjective experience of the stigma experienced by young adults with drepanocytosis in Cameroon. To achieve this the following hypothesis was formulated as follows: due to drepanocytosis and at the entrance to adult life young adult of perceive a high level of stigmatization in connection with the visible manifestations of the disease which affects self-esteem. The Cameroonian is an actor of an Africa who seeks to emancipate himself from colonialism while preserving his identity and his traditional values (Léopold Sédar Senghor, 1960). He is thus an individuals in the quest of independence threats while remaining attached to his cultural roots .The Cameroonian term designate a person from Cameroon , a country located in Centrale Africa .Cameroon is recognized for cultural , ethnic and linguistic diversity sheltering more than 200 ethnic groups and a multitude of languages , of which English and French are official languages. The study is in an understanding in wake with the backed qualitative method has sowing directive interviews carried out on a sample of two young Cameroonian drepanocyte adults with a thematic content analysis that has been carried out in order to check the hypotheses our research of the exploratory type. Exploratory insofar as she seeks to explore the experience of the young adult drepanocyte in relation to the subjective experience of the stigma he undergoes. Likewise , the clinical method that has made it possible to collect data is clinical maintenance .The choice of this tool comes from the fact that this is the privileged tool of the clinical psychologist allowing him to collect with ease the content of patients words. The data collection was the research. Due to their flexibility. Similarly, the unit analysis in our work was content analysis. Our work reveals the following results: the social environment of patient 1 is affected. On one hand, periods of disorganization can neutral affect, social skills, and the tendency to respond negatively others. Similarly, for patient 2, the reaction of the social environment must also be the social environment also be taken into account .we note that, at best, the case should be placed within the field of psychology or even psychiatry. The patient experiences symptoms but does not interpret them using the same frame work at the physician. Patient 1, however, assigns meaning to their illness. Both of our subjects experienced emotional shock from an early age, each according to how the illness was represented and perceived by their parents and social environment, the resulting environment circumstances, and the opinions of medical professionals. Regarding patient 1 (France) the following observations can be made: her suffering and sense of helplessness are the result of psycho-affective imbalance caused by an insecure attachment .with her mother from early childhood.in her case, it involves unconscious- repression that is, traumatic childhood events, which remained latent In the unconscious, resurface into consciousness and give rise to psychological and identity-related disorders, with low self- esteem as a central component. patient experience of suffering leads to a prof found sense of helplessness , rooted not only in this own emotional distress and sadness , but also in the secondary pain he feels as he observed his fiancées emotional struggle in the face his ongoing psychological suffering .It is an imaginary defect in the sense that it established a positive correlation between projection and somatization, giving rise hysterical conversion to a psychopathology of imaginary excess, and a negative correlation between projection and somatization , leading to a psychological pathology that plunged him into a disorder of self-image.