Crise de parentalité et gestion des troubles d’attachements chez les enfants adoptés : cas des enfants de 4-6 ans dans la ville de Yaoundé IV

Abstract

This work focuses on the crisis of parenthood and the management of attachment disorders in adopted children. This study finds that children in a situation of adoption experience an afterthought within families who do not provide parental functions. The trauma that results from this situation undermines relationships with others in different spheres of socialization such as school. This situation does not arise from their situation as adopted children but from the crisis of parenthood. Indeed, this study poses the problem of support. This study asks the following research question: “what are the parenting factors that interfere with the management of attachment disorders in adopted children”. To this end, the objective is to understand how the crisis of parenthood interferes with the management of attachment disorders in adopted children. Thus, the family as a framework presents itself as a place of reduction of uncertainty and complexity associated with the desires, anxieties and defenses that animate the psychological life of the child in the adoption situation. It is at the same time the place of construction of a shared and intermediate common psyche. Which means that each time the family group finds itself confronted with a crisis situation or serious danger, it tends to come together by connecting its members in the seamless unity of an esprit de corps. It is this balance in the relationship with others which induces a secure attachment and which in turn promotes the development of autonomy, fulfillment and the management of attachment disorders inherent to the adopted child. Because a non-containing family environment is a danger for the adopted child because it awakens archaic events resulting from the initial situation. This study is based on a qualitative design which, based on two adoptive families, made it possible to identify a certain number of discourses. Thematic content analysis of these data reveals that the failure of parental experience, the failure of parental function and the failure of parental responsibility interfere with the management of attachment disorders in adopted children. Thus the situation of the adopted child characterized by abandonment anxiety finds relief in a containing family framework which ensures a transitional area for the adopted child. The child adopted into a family that does not provide these functions develops disillusionment following a traumatic aftermath and without food for development which induces collapse and social and academic maladjustment.