Cosmopolitique culturelle et transculturalité de l’identité nègre dans l’univers romanesque de Dany Laferrière et de Patrick Chamoiseau

Abstract

By studying the cultural cosmoplotics and the transculturality of the Negro identity in the West Indian prose, our work is based on three fundamental components of style in prose: space, characters and themes. It expresses the opportunity that the negro identity has to highlight the fundamental values of its culture: The vital foundation for the work in the face of today’s diverse challenges which include deviances, identity folds and extremism. Thus, this topic raises the problem, not only of the cultural insertion of Africa into cosmopolitics though its diaspora, but also the expression of the latter as a defender of universal values. Therefore, it is right to question the manner in which West Indian literature could favour this insertion towards the transculturality and the cosmopolitic Negro identity. To solve this problem, with regard of interdisciplinary and multidimensional aspect of our work, the expected outcome, the methodology adopted was centred on two main sources which were as important as indispensable: the primary sources have made it possible to use corpus made up of six novels written by Dany Laferrière and Patrick Chamoiseau. The secondary sources on their part are a fundamental framework of Edmond Cros’s sociocriticism as a conceptual and theoretical framework. It is often complemented by the politocritical dynamics of Marceline Nnomo Zanga and Gérard-Marie Messina, who is able provide a more comprehensive understanding of the African text. The end results of this work include various sociocultural, geopolitical and geostrategic aspects. They reflect the Negro’s firm will to reorganize inter-racial, inter- individual and inter-identitarian relations. This is the result of a whole process, a process that seems to be a guaranty of a re-enfranchisement of a humanity that has been strongly shaken by crisis of values, an indicator of the wrong choices humanity has made in many areas. The trans-individual subject that weaves itself in the background is the result of a whole process, a set of strategies put together so that the negro identity is a whole strategic ideology of cultural hegemony, in the sense that, by the works of the diaspora, unconsciously or not, plays along by allowing its culture to be the model and the reflection of a world that recognizes in it the guarantor of the universal balance.