Transport et distribution de l’électricité dans la ville de yaoundé (1975 - 2019)

Abstract

This study entitled "Transmission and distribution of electricity in city of Yaoundé (1975-2019)" examines the economic, social strategic contribution of electricity in the city of Yaounde. It is part of the global context of energy crisis characterized by inadequate and dilapidated electrical infrastructure factor of multiple malfunctions in the country's electrical network. Visibly, the creation of the National Electricity Transmission Coporation in 2015 intended for the management of the energy transmission segment sufficiently shows that the stakes are enormous. The aim of this work is therefore to present the main mechanisms that contribute to the supply of electricity to the urban areas, notably in Yaounde. This work was achieved with the use of tools and methods specific to the historical discipline which included the collection and comparison of collected data. Oral, iconographic and written sources were equally utilized where by public and private archives were consulted. This work indicates the very source of energy distributed in the city without showing how the energy produced by the dams and power plants in the production network passes through the main network of the country which is the Southern interconnected network. Hence, this energy is injected into the country's distribution network due to the interconnection station and the source stations that are responsible for reconverting the energy received by the high voltage lines and re-injected into the distribution network in the form of medium and low voltage. Definitely, this work at given points raises specific problems related to the different production segments, transmission and distribution of electricity and provides proposed solutions. Eventually, this work reveals that electricity occupies a strategical economic and social place in the city of Yaounde both for economic actors as well as the population owing to the fact that it is a source of security, fulfillment and a main driving force for industrialization and thus the economic growth of the city. A clear observation remains at the end of the study in terms of infrastructural deficit for production, the transmission and distribution of electricity persists. The primary objective of any actor in the sector should therefore converge towards the resolution of this multifaceted deficit.